9 防腐、涂漆及腐蚀种类
防腐漆 anti-corrosive paint; rush-proof paint
涂漆 painting
涂层；覆盖层 coating
底漆 primary coat; bottom coat
面漆 finishing coat
清漆 varnish
瓷漆 enamel
防锈漆 antirust paint
醇酸瓷漆 alkyd enamel
酚醛漆 phenolic paint
沥青漆 bituminous paint
聚氨酯漆 polyurethane paint
有机硅漆 organic silicon paint
漆酚树脂漆 urushiol resin paint
环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint
过氯乙烯漆 ethylene perchloride paint
无机富锌漆 inorganic zinc-rich paint
耐酸漆 acid-proof paint
耐碱漆 alkali-proof paint
耐热漆 heat-proof paint
测温漆 thermo-paint
颜色 colour (color)
淡（浅）色的；轻的 light
深色的 dark
红色的 red
蓝色的 blue
黄色的 yellow
绿色的 green
紫色的 purple
棕色的；褐色的 brown
橙色的 orange colour
灰色的 grey (gray)
表面处理 surface preparation
阴极保护 cathodic protection
耐蚀性 corrosion resistance
腐蚀 corrosion
点蚀 pitting
缝隙腐蚀 crevice corrosion
晶间腐蚀 intergranular corrosion
电化腐蚀 electro corrosion
接触腐蚀 contact corrosion
气蚀 cavitation erosion
应力腐蚀 stress corrosion
气相腐蚀 gaseous corrosion
氢脆 hydrogen embrittlement
10 焊接 Welding
10.1 焊接种类 Varieties of Welding
电弧焊 arc welding
电熔焊 electric fusion welding (EFW)
气熔焊 fusion gas welding (FGW)
电阻焊 electric resistance welding (ERW)
有保护的金属电弧焊 shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
手工或自动隋性气体保护钨极电弧焊 manual and automatic inert gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
自动埋弧焊 automatic submerged arc welding
金属极隋性气体保护电弧焊 gas metal arc weiding (GMAW)
氩弧焊 argon-arc welding，
气体保护电弧焊 gas-shielded arc welding
气焊 gas welding; flame welding
等离子焊 plasma welding
硬钎焊 braze welding
电渣焊 electroslag welding
爆炸焊 explosive welding
10.2 焊接形式 Type of Welding
角焊 fillet welding
间断焊 intermittent welding
点焊 spot welding
对焊 butt welding
搭焊 lap welding
塞焊 plug welding
珠焊 bead welding
槽焊 slot welding
堆焊 build up welding
垫板焊 backing weld
坡口 groove
V形坡口 V groove
单面U形坡口 single U groove
K形坡口 double bevel groove
X形坡口 double V groove
双面U形坡口 double U groove
U-V组合坡口 combination U and V groove
根部间隙 root gap
焊接符号 symbol of weld
错边量 alignment tolerance
10.3 焊接位置 Welding Position
仰焊 overhead welding
现场焊 field weld (F.W.)
封底焊 back run welding
立焊 vertical welding
平焊 flat welding
工厂（车间）焊接 shop weld
定位焊 tack weld
跳焊 skip welding
节距 pitch
10.4 焊接缺陷 Defects of Welding
焊接裂纹 weld crack
根部裂纹 root crack
微裂纹 micro crack
错位 mismatch
弧坑 pit; crater
焊穿 burn through
夹渣 slag inclusion
咬边；咬肉 undercut
焊瘤 overlap
气孔 porosity, blow hole
砂眼 blister
针孔 pin hole
严重飞溅 excessive spatter
未溶合 incomplete fusion; lack of fusion
根部未焊透 incomplete penetration
10.5 其它
母材；基层金属 base metal
预热 preheating
热影响区 heat affected zone (HAZ)
焊条 welding electrode (rod)
焊丝 welding wire
焊药（剂） flux
11 热处理 Heat Treatment
11.1 普通热处理 Conventional Heat Treatment
退火 annealing
局部退火 spot annealing
中间退火 process annealing
球化退火 spheroids annealing
等温退火 isothermal annealing
极软退火 dead-soft annealing
回水 tempering
正火 normalizing
淬火 quenching
水淬火 water quenching
油淬火 oil quenching
等温淬火 isothermal quenching
断续淬火 slack quenching
高温淬火 hot quenching
水冷淬火 cold quenching
调质 quenching and tempering
消除应力 stress relief
时效处理 ageing treatment
可淬性 hardenability
过热敏感性 superheated susceptivity
回火脆性 temper brittleness
11.2 表面热处理 Surface Heat Treatment
火焰表面淬火 flame surface quenching
感应（高频）硬化 induction hardening
渗碳 carbonization
渗氮 nitridation
渗铬 chromizing
渗铝 aluminizing